Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40861265›Full record

ArticleACS photonics2025

Physics-Guided Hierarchical Neural Networks for Maxwell's Equations in Plasmonic Metamaterials.

Sean Lynch, Jacob LaMountain, Bo Fan, Jie Bu, Amogh Raju, Daniel Wasserman, Anuj Karpatne, Viktor A Podolskiy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS photonics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sean LynchMiner School of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States.
Jacob LaMountainDepartment of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8095-838X
Bo FanDepartment of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States.
Jie BuDepartment of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.
Amogh RajuDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States.
Daniel WassermanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3234-0803
Anuj KarpatneDepartment of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.
Viktor A PodolskiyDepartment of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9907-758X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While machine learning (ML) has found multiple applications in photonics, traditional "black box" ML models typically require prohibitively large training data sets. Generation of such data, as well as the training processes themselves, consume significant resources, often limiting practical applications of ML. Here, we demonstrate that embedding Maxwell's equations into ML design and training significantly reduces the required amount of data and improves the physics-consistency and generalizability of ML models, opening the road to practical ML tools that do not need extremely large training sets. The proposed physics-guided machine learning (PGML) approach is illustrated on the example of predicting complex field distributions within hyperbolic meta-material photonic funnels, based on multilayered plasmonic-dielectric composites. The hierarchical network design used in this study enables knowledge transfer and points to the emergence of effective medium theories within neural networks.

Indexed as

machine learningmetamaterialsphysics-guided machine learningplasmonics

Identifiers

PMID40861265
PMCPMC12372168

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.