Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40859454›Full record

ArticleAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2025

Single-Cell RNA Seq in Sydenham Chorea Shows B Cell HLA-DR/DQ Upregulation and Plasma Cell Proteasomal Activation.

Velda X Han, Brooke A Keating, Brian S Gloss, Xianzhong Lau, Ruwani Dissanayake, Hiroya Nishida, Jessica Hayes, Shrujna Patel, Shekeeb S Mohammad, Russell C Dale

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Velda X HanKids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Brooke A KeatingKids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Brian S GlossWestmead Research Hub, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
Xianzhong LauAustralian Genome Research Facility Ltd, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7845-8933
Ruwani DissanayakeAustralian Genome Research Facility Ltd, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1422-2117
Hiroya NishidaKids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Jessica HayesKids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Shrujna PatelKids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Shekeeb S MohammadKids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Russell C DaleKids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Funding

Cerebral Palsy AllianceInternational OCD FoundationNational Health and Medical Research Council AP1193648PANDAS networkPANS AustraliaPetre Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The pathogenesis of Sydenham chorea remains unclear. We report a 10-year-old girl presenting with subacute chorea and mild carditis following Streptococcal throat infection. Single-cell RNA sequencing on 30,794 peripheral immune cells from the patient and two sex-matched controls revealed nine immune cell clusters. We found up-regulated antigen processing pathways in B cells, monocytes, and eosinophils, enriched by HLA genes, particularly HLA-DRB5 and HLA-DQB1, and immunoglobulin (IGH) genes in B cells. Up-regulated proteasomal pathways in plasma cells were enriched by PSM genes. These insights support the B cell-mediated autoantibody hypothesis in Sydenham chorea. We highlight the potential of scRNA-seq in rare diseases to inform targeted therapies.

Indexed as

B-LymphocytesChoreaHLA-DQ AntigensHLA-DR AntigensPlasma CellsProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexChildFemaleHumansRNA-SeqSingle-Cell AnalysisSingle-Cell Gene Expression AnalysisUp-RegulationHLA-DQ AntigensHLA-DR AntigensProteasome Endopeptidase Complexautoimmune brain disorderneuroimmunologyneuropsychiatrictranscriptomics

Identifiers

PMID40859454
PMCPMC12623827

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.