Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40859400›Full record

SynthesisJournal of health, population, and nutrition2025

Global prevalence of dyslipidemias in the general adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Jhosmer Ballena-Caicedo, Fiorella E Zuzunaga-Montoya, Joan A Loayza-Castro, Luisa Erika Milagros Vásquez-Romero, Rafael Tapia-Limonchi, Carmen Inés Gutierrez De Carrillo, Víctor Juan Vera-Ponce

Registry-linked trialAbstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07695376 (CArdiovascular Risk Assessment Via Multimodal Data Analysis Enabling Personalised Prevention Strategies Targeting MEnopausaL Women - Observational Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07695376 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

CArdiovascular Risk Assessment Via Multimodal Data Analysis Enabling Personalised Prevention Strategies Targeting MEnopausaL Women - Observational Study

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorBiogipuzkoa Health Research InstituteRan2026 to 2028Enrolled3,000ConditionsPerimenopause, Menopause, Cardiovascular (CV) Risk, Women (Between 30 to 60 Years Old)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Bempedoic Acid: From Guidelines to the Real World.Journal of lipid and atherosclerosis · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jhosmer Ballena-CaicedoInstituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas (UNTRM), Amazonas, Perú.ORCID 0009-0002-7070-7434
Fiorella E Zuzunaga-MontoyaUniversidad Continental, Lima, Perú.ORCID 0000-0002-2354-273X
Joan A Loayza-CastroInstituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas (UNTRM), Amazonas, Perú.ORCID 0000-0001-6495-6501
Luisa Erika Milagros Vásquez-RomeroInstituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas (UNTRM), Amazonas, Perú.ORCID 0000-0003-2981-3526
Rafael Tapia-LimonchiInstituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas (UNTRM), Amazonas, Perú.ORCID 0000-0001-7483-1729
Carmen Inés Gutierrez De CarrilloInstituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas (UNTRM), Amazonas, Perú.ORCID 0000-0002-4711-7201
Víctor Juan Vera-PonceInstituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas (UNTRM), Amazonas, Perú. vicvepo@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-4075-9049

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionGlobal regional variations in dyslipidemia prevalence underscore the need for an updated global overview of the magnitude of dyslipidemia over time.

objectiveTo estimate the global prevalence of dyslipidemia in adults, considering scientific evidence published in the last 20 years, while analyzing associated sociodemographic and geographic factors. METHODOLOGY: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The bibliographic search was performed in PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and EMBASE, including observational studies published between 2000 and 2025 that reported the prevalence of dyslipidemia components in general adult populations, including hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypoalphalipoproteinemia or low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (< 40 mg/dL for men and < 50 mg/dL for women), and elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Statistical analyses included meta-analysis with random effects models, stratified analyses by sex and country, and meta-regression by publication year.

resultsA total of 206 studies were included, primarily cross-sectional (98.5%). The global prevalence was 28.8% for hypertriglyceridemia, 24.1% for hypercholesterolemia, 38.4% for low HDL-C, and 18.93% for high LDL-C. Men presented a higher prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia (33.8% vs. 24.5% in women), while women showed a higher frequency of low HDL-C (40.5% vs. 34.1% in men). The highest prevalences of low HDL-C and mixed dyslipidemia patterns were observed in the Middle East and Latin America. Temporal trends revealed a progressive increase in hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C, with a decrease in hypercholesterolemia and high LDL-C.

conclusionsThere is an epidemiological transition in the dyslipidemia profile, from classic hypercholesterolemia toward a predominance of hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C, with important differences by sex and region. These findings significantly affect cardiovascular prevention and health policies addressing residual risk beyond LDL-C control.

Indexed as

DyslipidemiasGlobal HealthAdultCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLFemaleHumansHypercholesterolemiaHypertriglyceridemiaMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLDyslipidemiasHDL lipoproteinsHypercholesterolemiaHypertriglyceridemiaLDL lipoproteinsMeta-analysisPrevalenceSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID40859400
PMCPMC12379389

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.