ArticleBMC medicine2025
Structural brain differences in school-aged children who are HIV-exposed uninfected.
Article in BMC medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically reduced perinatal HIV transmission, leading to a growing population of children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected (CHEU). While the neuroanatomic developmental impacts of in utero HIV and ART exposure have been studied in young children, long-term effects on school-aged children are poorly understood, prompting this investigation.
methodsFifty-eight CHEU and 38 children who are HIV-unexposed, uninfected (CHUU), 6-12 years old, were recruited through hospitals and community groups in Ontario, Canada. From T1-weighted magnetic resonance images, volume, cortical thickness, and gray-/white-matter tissue volume were extracted. Multiple linear regression models controlling for sex, age, household income, and total brain volume were fit to assess differences by in utero HIV exposure, with additional sex-stratified analyses to uncover sex-specific effects.
resultsCompared with CHUU, CHEU showed total brain volumes that were significantly smaller by 49.7cm
conclusionsThese findings suggest that in utero HIV and ART exposure have broad neuroanatomic developmental impacts, particularly in boys, with significant differences in brain regions critical for motor function, expressive language, memory, and emotion. These structural differences align with previously reported motor and language deficits and highlight the importance of early intervention and tailored support strategies for CHEU.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.