Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40859229›Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2025

Competence development among healthcare professionals through an online diversity training - a scoping review.

Christian Kempny, Tugba Aksakal, Yüce Yilmaz-Aslan, Patrick Brzoska

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Christian KempnyFaculty of Health, School of Medicine, Health Services Research, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany. christian.kempny@uni-wh.de.
Tugba AksakalFaculty of Health, School of Medicine, Health Services Research, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
Yüce Yilmaz-AslanFaculty of Health, School of Medicine, Health Services Research, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
Patrick BrzoskaFaculty of Health, School of Medicine, Health Services Research, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe current shortage of healthcare professionals makes international recruitment necessary. This also increases the diversity of teams in terms of characteristics such as age, gender, profession, values, and attitudes. The increase in team diversity can lead to challenges. Online diversity training may improve collaboration within diverse teams and facilitate integration. However, there is limited empirical evidence on the effectiveness of different methods of online diversity training for healthcare professionals. This scoping review aims to map existing research in the field.

methodsThe search was conducted in PubMed, Business Source Premier, CINAHL and PsycInfo. Empirical studies published in English and German between 2014 and 2024 that evaluated online or hybrid diversity training were included.

resultsOf the 4,110 studies identified, 23 met the inclusion criteria. Most were conducted in the United States (14 studies). The duration of training sessions varied from one hour to several weeks, with a predominant thematic focus on cultural diversity (16 studies). Program formats also varied, ranging from live online lectures to digital training courses delivered through learning portals or virtual reality (VR) simulations. Results demonstrated that online training has the potential to enhance diversity competence. Participants reported increased self-efficacy and knowledge, as well as a greater willingness to confront biases. Some studies have also observed changes in participants' behavior post-training.

conclusionOnline diversity training programs are promising for enhancing cultural competence among healthcare professionals, particularly in knowledge and attitudes. However, technical and organizational challenges may hinder implementation, and further research is needed to clarify their effectiveness in achieving long-term behavioral change.

Indexed as

Cultural CompetencyCultural DiversityEducation, DistanceHealth PersonnelHumansCompetence developmentHealthcare professionalsOnline diversity trainingScoping reviewTraining durationTraining methods

Identifiers

PMID40859229
PMCPMC12379327

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.