ArticleBMC oral health2025
Influence of digital behavior and sleep quality on periodontal status in adolescents: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Scrolling Through Risk: The Overlooked Oral Health Cost of the Digital Lifestyle.International journal of dentistry · 2026Review
- Sleep and circadian disruption reshape immune homeostasis in oral tissues: mechanistic roles of melatonin and cortisol in periodontal disease and xerostomia.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInternet addiction (IA) and poor sleep quality are increasingly recognized as behavioral risk factors that may influence adolescents' overall and oral health. Adolescence represents a critical period for establishing lifelong oral hygiene behaviors, and gingival inflammation is highly prevalent in this age group. This study aimed to evaluate the association between IA, sleep quality, and clinical periodontal parameters among adolescents.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included 100 systemically healthy adolescents (aged 12-18 years). The sample consisted of both male (47%) and female (53%) participants, predominantly of Turkish ethnicity based on native language, representing middle socioeconomic backgrounds. Data on internet use patterns and sleep quality were collected using the Young Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Clinical periodontal parameters, including Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), and Bleeding on Probing (BoP), were measured by a calibrated examiner.
resultsAdolescents with poor sleep quality exhibited significantly higher GI and PI scores (p = 0.025 and p = 0.024, respectively). Additionally, the mean IAT score was significantly higher in adolescents with poor sleep quality (p = 0.032). A high frequency of internet use (> 28 h/week) was more prevalent in this group (p = 0.020).
conclusionsThe findings suggest that poor sleep quality and IA may be associated with poorer periodontal health in adolescents. These results emphasize the importance of considering behavioral factors such as digital media exposure and sleep patterns in the clinical assessment and prevention of periodontal diseases during adolescence. However, due to the cross-sectional design of the study, no causal inference can be made. Future longitudinal studies are needed to validate these associations and improve clinical relevance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.