Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40858704›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Kinetic and thermodynamic investigation of the removal of alizarin red dye using silica-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron particles.

Ibrahim El-Hallag, Ahmad Al-Owais, El-Sayed El-Mossalamy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ibrahim El-HallagChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. i.elhallag@yahoo.com.
Ahmad Al-OwaisChemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
El-Sayed El-MossalamyChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt. alsayed.almosallamy@fsc.bu.edu.eg.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alizarin red (ARS) dye is a persistent and toxic pollutant in aquatic environments, posing a significant environmental threat. Among various treatment technologies, adsorption offers a practical and highly efficient method for dye removal. This study investigates the application of silica-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles as adsorbents for the removal of ARS dye, with a focus on evaluating the adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic behavior of the process. Two nanocomposites were synthesized using iron precursors with different counter ions: chloride (nZVI/Cl⁻) and nitrate (nZVI/NO₃⁻). The choice of counter ion influenced the physicochemical characteristics of the materials, thereby affecting their adsorption efficiency. The effects of key operational parameters, including solution pH, temperature, contact time, and adsorbent dosage, were systematically examined. Optimal adsorption was observed at pH 3, achieving removal efficiencies of 94.9% for nZVI/Cl⁻ and 85.0% for nZVI/NO₃⁻. Adsorption isotherm analysis revealed that the data fit well to the Langmuir model, indicating monolayer adsorption onto a homogeneous surface. Thermodynamic parameters confirmed that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. These results underscore the potential of silica-supported nZVI nanocomposites as effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly adsorbents for the remediation of dye-contaminated wastewater.

Indexed as

AdsorptionAlizarin dyeLangmuir modelNanocompositesWastewater

Identifiers

PMID40858704
PMCPMC12381275

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.