Organic-Dominated Nanozymes for Pesticide Detection: Toward Sustainable Agricultural Monitoring.

Nanozymes are synthetic enzymes that mimic natural enzymes with superior stability and cost-efficiency. Organic-dominated nanozymes overcome key limitations of inorganic variants, such as toxicity and environmental persistence, by offering biocompatible alternatives. Their applications in sustainable agriculture include pesticide sensing, nutrient management, and soil health monitoring. Advances in polymer-based, hybrid, and dendritic designs have enhanced catalytic specificity and scalability, though challenges remain in field performance and mass production. Future efforts will focus on multifunctional, stimuli-responsive nanozymes using green synthesis methods, promising transformative impacts on agricultural sustainability and food security. Additional potential lies in environmental remediation, postharvest preservation, and precision agriculture, enabling resilient crops and efficient resource use. However, long-term ecological effects, scalable synthesis, and regulatory frameworks require further study. Integrating emerging technologies could optimize smart fertilizers and crop protection strategies, fostering environmentally friendly food production. Addressing these challenges will unlock the full potential of organic-dominated nanozymes in advancing sustainable agriculture.