ArticleAnnals of Saudi medicine
Epidemiology of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and syphilis co-infections in HIV-1 patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study of prevalence and viral load correlates.
Article in Annals of Saudi medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundCo-infections with hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and syphilis complicate the clinical management of people living with HIV by influencing disease progression, treatment response, and transmission risk. Despite the growing HIV burden in Türkiye, data on the impact of these coinfections remain limited.
objectivesTo determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and syphilis coinfections in adults with HIV-1 and to examine their associations with demographics and HIV-1 viral load.
designRetrospective cross-sectional study.
settingSingle center, tertiary care hospital in Türkiye. PATIENTS AND
methodsAdults diagnosed with HIV-1 between March 2019 and June 2024 at Ankara Bilkent City Hospital were included. Demographic information, HIV viral load measurements, and serological and molecular test results for HBV, HCV, and syphilis were retrieved from the institutional laboratory database. Coinfection status was assessed relative to age, gender, and HIV viral load.
main outcome measuresPrevalence and distribution of HBV, HCV, and syphilis coinfections and their associations with demographic variables and HIV viral load. SAMPLE SIZE: 724 patients.
resultsThe study population was predominantly male (86%), with a median age of 40 years. Syphilis was the most common coinfection (25.6%), followed by HBV at 4.1% and HCV at 1.8%. Syphilis was significantly more prevalent among men (
conclusionsThe high prevalence of syphilis and delayed HIV diagnoses highlight the urgent need for improved screening protocols, timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy, and broader implementation of HBV vaccination programs. An integrated multisectoral approach is critical to address the overlapping clinical and public health burdens posed by these co-infections. Healthcare strategies must consider the impact of COVID-19-related service disruptions, which likely contributed to delays in diagnosis and treatment. LIMITATIONS: Lack of data on patients' behavioral risk factors and no follow-up on treatment outcomes for syphilis.
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