SynthesisGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2025
Effectiveness of surgical interventions for heavy eye syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression.
Synthesis in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe study aims to systematically review and analyze surgical treatments for Heavy Eye Syndrome (HES), focusing on outcomes and advantages of different procedures, to address the lack of consensus on its management and complications.
methodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42024584537), PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, and CINAHL were searched up to October 2024 for studies addressing surgical management of HES. A total of 555 studies were identified, with 25 included in the systematic review, of which 19 were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis, including subgroup meta-analyses and meta-regression, assessed mean differences (MDs) and standardized MDs (SMDs) in pre- and post-operative measures.
resultsAcross 19 studies that included a total of 539 eyes in the meta-analysis, significant improvements were observed. For esotropia, the pooled MD was -58.76 PD (95% CI: -70.01 to -47.50). Hypotropia improved with a pooled MD of -13.43 PD (95% CI: -16.57 to -10.28). Abduction limitation improvement showed an SMD of 2.47 (95% CI: 1.79 to 3.14). Elevation limitation improved by 1.62 (95% CI: 1.2 to 2.05). Techniques like Nishida and loop myopexy exhibited consistent results with notable improvements in globe displacement and alignment. Meta-regression identified factors like age and year of publication influencing outcomes.
conclusionSurgical interventions, particularly loop myopexy and muscle union techniques, significantly improve alignment and motility in HES. Despite variability in outcomes and substantial heterogeneity, findings highlight the need for standardized protocols and further multicenter trials.
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Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.