Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40856056›Full record

Trial reportJournal of applied behavior analysis

Patterns of HIV viral suppression in a clinical trial evaluating a contingency management intervention.

Cory Toegel, Forrest Toegel, Kenneth Silverman

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of applied behavior analysis. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Cory ToegelDepartment of Psychological Science, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9050-8398
Forrest ToegelDepartment of Psychological Science, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4644-5788
Kenneth SilvermanDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Learning and Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Funding

Incentives for Suppression of HIV-1 RNA in People Living with HIVR01AI117065 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SILVERMAN, KENNETH · 2015 to 2019
$3.8M
Long-Term Treatment of Opioid Use DisorderR01DA053218 · NIDA · NORTHERN MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY · PI TOEGEL, FORREST JAMES · 2022 to 2025
$3.7M
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases R01AI117065NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI117065NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA053218NIDA NIH HHS R01DA053218
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The HIV/AIDS epidemic remains a global health challenge. This secondary analysis evaluated time-course effects of a contingency management intervention designed to improve antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and sustained HIV viral suppression. Participants were randomized to a usual care or an incentive group. Incentive participants could earn monetary incentives for submitting blood samples with reduced or undetectable HIV viral loads. A thinning procedure gradually reduced testing and reinforcer delivery frequency for participants who consistently met reinforcement criteria. Over the 2-year intervention period, the incentive group demonstrated significantly shorter times to viral suppression and significantly longer durations of sustained suppression and maintained undetectable viral loads even as testing intervals increased. Engagement in the intervention correlated strongly with treatment success. These findings illustrate the potential of adaptive, reinforcement-based strategies to enhance ART adherence, sustain HIV viral suppression, inform scalable interventions for HIV care, and contribute to ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsBehavior TherapyHIV InfectionsMedication AdherenceReinforcement, PsychologyViral LoadAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMotivationTreatment OutcomeAnti-HIV Agentsantiretroviral therapyART adherencecontingency managementHIVviral suppression

Identifiers

PMID40856056
PMCPMC13386492

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.