Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40855516›Full record

ArticleEmerging microbes & infections2025

Wastewater-based epidemiology of influenza A virus in Shenzhen: baseline values and implications for multi-pathogen surveillance.

Xiuyuan Shi, Shisong Fang, Chen Du, Guixian Luo, Yanpeng Cheng, Zhen Zhang, Qiuying Lv, Xin Wang, Zhigao Chen, Bincai Wei and 14 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Emerging microbes & infections, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Xiuyuan ShiSchool of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0009-0009-7169-1543
Shisong FangShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Chen DuShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Guixian LuoShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Yanpeng ChengShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Zhen ZhangShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Qiuying LvShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Xin WangShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Zhigao ChenShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Bincai WeiSchool of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Ziqi WuShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Bingchan GuoShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Panpan YangShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Miaomiao LuoShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Weihua WuShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Liping ZhouPeking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Ting HuangShenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Xuan ZouShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Xiaolu ShiShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Songzhe FuKey Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0003-1754-199X
Zhanwei DuSchool of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
Xinxin HanSchool of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Yinghui LiShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Qinghua HuShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Influenza A virus (IAV) has become increasingly unpredictable in its seasonal patterns following the COVID-19 pandemic. A key challenge remains identifying optimal moments for public health interventions to inform evidence-based decisions. Real-time PCR was employed to quantify IAV concentrations in wastewater samples from 38 treatment plants in Shenzhen, China (n = 2,764), collected weekly from March 2023 to March 2024. The random forest model was used to estimate IAV infections based on viral concentrations and physico-chemical parameters. Baseline IAV concentrations were established using mean, geometric, and median values, revealing a seasonal IAV pattern with peaks in winter 2023 and spring 2024. The optimized random forest model (mean absolute error = 2,307, R

Indexed as

Influenza A virusInfluenza, HumanWastewaterWastewater-Based Epidemiological MonitoringChinaCOVID-19HumansSARS-CoV-2SeasonsWastewaterBaselineinfluenza A virusinfluenza-like-infectionRandom Forest modelwastewater-based epidemiology

Identifiers

PMID40855516
PMCPMC12444953

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.