Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40855508›Full record

ArticleBorderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation2025

Impact of social exclusion on salivary progesterone and estradiol in women with borderline personality disorder.

Marie Barthauer, Livia Graumann, An Bin Cho, Eugenia Kulakova, Christian Eric Deuter, Oliver T Wolf, Julian Hellmann-Regen, Stefan Roepke, Christian Otte, Katja Wingenfeld

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In one paragraph

Article in Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Marie BarthauerDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt, Universitaet zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-7106-7524
Livia GraumannDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt, Universitaet zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5839-3295
An Bin ChoDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt, Universitaet zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-9235
Eugenia KulakovaDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt, Universitaet zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-4802
Christian Eric DeuterDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt, Universitaet zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-5946
Oliver T WolfInstitut für Kognitive Neurowissenschaft, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9320-2124
Julian Hellmann-RegenDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt, Universitaet zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0411-9204
Stefan RoepkeDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt, Universitaet zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3165-8684
Christian OtteDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt, Universitaet zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4051-997X
Katja WingenfeldDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt, Universitaet zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany. katja.wingenfeld@charite.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7457-0370

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships and fear of abandonment, which intensify during stress. Social stressors seem to activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in healthy controls (HC), but this has not been investigated in patients with BPD. This study aimed to investigate the effects of social stress, i.e., social exclusion on changes of progesterone and estradiol levels in women with BPD compared to HC.

methods82 women with BPD and 82 HC were randomly assigned to either an exclusion or overinclusion condition of the Cyberball paradigm. Saliva samples were collected at baseline (T1), immediately after Cyberball (T2) and 15 min post-Cyberball (T3). Two 3 × 2 × 2 repeated-measures ANOVAs were conducted with time (T1, T2, T3) as the within-subject factor, and group (BPD vs. HC) and condition (exclusion vs. overinclusion) as between-subject factors.

resultsOn progesterone change, the analysis revealed no significant main effects of group or condition, but a significant group × condition interaction. Post-hoc tests showed that within the BPD group, change of progesterone levels at T3 i.e., after Cyberball, were higher after exclusion than overinclusion. For changes of estradiol levels, no significant main effects for group, condition, or their interaction were found. DISCUSSION: This study provides initial evidence that women with BPD exhibit distinct hormonal dynamics in progesterone after social exclusion versus overinclusion. Further research is needed to better understand this hormonal pattern and its implications for social functioning in BPD.

Indexed as

Borderline personality disorderEstradiolProgesteroneSocial exclusion

Identifiers

PMID40855508
PMCPMC12376725

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.