Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40855099›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older adults: a prospective cohort study using a web-based Montreal cognitive assessment application.

Panithi Pongraweewan, Surapa Tornsatitkul, Arunotai Siriussawakul, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Nipaporn Sangarunakul, Chalita Jiraphorncharas, Solaphat Hemrungrojn, Natawut Nupairoj

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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Panithi PongraweewanDepartment of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Surapa TornsatitkulDepartment of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. surapa.tor@mahidol.ac.th.
Arunotai SiriussawakulDepartment of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Vijay KrishnamoorthyDepartment of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Nipaporn SangarunakulIntegrated Perioperative Geriatric Excellent Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Chalita JiraphorncharasIntegrated Perioperative Geriatric Excellent Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Solaphat HemrungrojnDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Natawut NupairojCenter of Excellence in Digital and AI for Mental Health, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Funding

Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University R016636001National Research Council of Thailand R016541053
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Thailand is transitioning into a super-aged society, and its growing elderly population faces an increased risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Despite its association with reduced quality of life and heightened mortality, POCD remains underdiagnosed. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of POCD using a web-based Montreal Cognitive Assessment application (Auto-MoCA) at 1 week postoperatively. We also compared characteristics between patients with and without POCD and examined recovery patterns at 3 months. We conducted a prospective, descriptive cohort study at a university hospital in Bangkok, enrolling Thai-speaking patients aged ≥ 60 years who underwent major elective surgery. Cognitive function was repeatedly assessed via the Auto-MoCA application at baseline, 1 week, and 3 months. POCD was defined as a decrease of ≥ 2 points from baseline. Among 169 enrolled patients, 111 completed the 1-week assessment. POCD occurred in 40.5%, with significant declines in visuospatial, attention, language, abstraction, and orientation domains. Cardiovascular disease was a significant risk factor. By 3 months, 85 patients repeated the Auto-MoCA test. Of these, 34 (40.0%) had developed POCD compared to their baseline results, with 42.9% of affected patients recovered, primarily demonstrating improvements in visuospatial, attention, and delayed recall domains. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) was common in older adults, affecting over 40% of patients at both 1 week and 3 months after surgery. With Cardiovascular disease emerged as a significant risk factor. However, nearly half of those affected showed cognitive recovery by 3 months. Underscoring the utility of digital cognitive assessment tools, such as the Auto-MoCA application, and highlight the need for future interventional research aiming to facilitate cognitive recovery in older adults following surgery.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionMental Status and Dementia TestsPostoperative Cognitive ComplicationsPostoperative ComplicationsAgedAged, 80 and overCognitionElective Surgical ProceduresFemaleHumansIncidenceInternetMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesQuality of LifeAnesthesiaCognitive dysfunctionNeuropsychological testsPostoperative cognitive dysfunctionSurgeryUser-Computer interface

Identifiers

PMID40855099
PMCPMC12378239

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.