ArticleInternational urology and nephrology2026
Noninvasive monitoring of lower urinary tract dysfunction in rats with bladder outlet obstruction using uroflowmetry and ultrasonography.
Article in International urology and nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to characterize the time-dependent changes in lower urinary tract function in a rat model of partial bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) using noninvasive techniques, including uroflowmetry and ultrasound imaging.
methodsEight-week-old male rats underwent partial ligation of the urethra to induce BOO. Voiding behavior was assessed preoperatively and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks postoperatively using metabolic cages. Urine flow rate was calculated based on changes in voided volume over time. Average flow rate, maximum flow rate, and voiding time were derived from these metabolic cage data. Bladder capacity and wall thickness were evaluated by high-resolution ultrasonography.
resultsVoiding frequency significantly increased at 1, 2, and 4 weeks compared to preoperative values. Mean voided volume per micturition was significantly reduced at 2 weeks. Urinary flow curves showed a sawtooth-like pattern, suggestive of external urethral sphincter bursting that is a characteristic of rat voiding. The maximum flow rate significantly decreased at 1 week postoperatively and remained reduced through 4 weeks. Mean flow rate was significantly decreased at 2 weeks, while voiding time showed a tendency to increase, although the difference was not statistically significant. Ultrasonography revealed significant increases in maximum bladder volume at 2 and 4 weeks and in anterior bladder wall thickness at 4 weeks.
conclusionsThis study demonstrated the feasibility of noninvasively monitoring time-dependent changes in rats with BOO. These findings could be extrapolated to the pathophysiological process during the bladder compensation phase in human BOO.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.