ArticleFrontiers in public health2025
The linkage between opioid treatment programs and recovery community centers: results of a survey of OTP directors.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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12 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUDs) are regarded as the gold-standard treatment for opioid use disorder in the United States and are widely used in other countries. In the US, the country most impacted by the opioid epidemic, opioid treatment programs (OTPs) are the primary avenue of accessing MOUDs. US federal guidance states that treatment providers should connect patients with recovery community centers (RCCs), if available. RCCs have emerged relatively recently. It is not clear to what extent OTP directors are aware of RCCs. Close collaboration is needed especially in Black communities, as Black Americans face significant disparities in opioid-involved overdoses and deaths. Methods: We conducted an online survey and interviews of directors of OTPs located near RCCs serving Black communities (operationally defined as located in a ZIP code where ≥25% of residents are Black, as per US Census data). For each such RCC ( Results: Fifteen OTPs completed surveys (32% of targeted locations), and five directors completed interviews. OTPs participating in the survey were comparable to non-participating OTPs on Locator-reported variables. OTPs provided referral to 12-step MHOs (100%); fewer (80%) were familiar with RCCs, provided referral to RCCs (67%), or knew the nearby RCC (40%). OTP directors (100%) reported that routine referral from the OTP to RCCs makes sense and is valuable. Most common barriers were lack of knowledge of RCCs, worries that RCCs may not be supportive of MOUD use, and lack of personnel to build and maintain connections with RCCs. Conclusion: Efforts are needed to increase knowledge about RCCs among OTP leadership and staff. Needed knowledge includes general knowledge (i.e., RCCs are welcoming toward MOUDs; RCCs offer complementing support) and logistical information (e.g., RCC opening hours, transportation, that services are free).
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