Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40852528›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in neurology2025

Riding the hilltop: practical implementation and assessment of an implicit hilltop illusion.

Carole-Anne Vollette, Christopher J Bockisch, Giovanni Bertolini

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Carole-Anne VolletteUniversity of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Christopher J BockischUniversity of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Giovanni BertoliniDepartments of Ophthalmology, Neurology and Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Passive motions can lead to conflicting combinations of visual and vestibular signals that can have a tremendous impact on our ability to navigate and comprehend the world. However, conflicting motion signals are also exploited for rehabilitation, adaptation training, and entertainment by creating functional illusions (VR, amusement parks). Low-frequency linear translations can induce "hilltop illusions," a perceptual phenomenon consisting in a reinterpretation of the inertial acceleration as tilt with respect to gravity. Compared to other vestibular stimuli, the hilltop illusion has rarely been used as it is considered unpractical due to the complexity of the necessary motion devices, which can have high operational costs, induce cognitive biases jeopardizing the illusion and discomfort in the subject. We hypothesize that a practical protocol to create and quantify a hilltop illusion can be realized using low-frequency (0.16 Hz) small-amplitude (0.45 m) translations on a standard motion simulator (Stewart Platform), provided that expectations and awareness of the illusion are hindered. To this aim, we combined the lateral oscillations with 90° phase-shifted roll movement with a random direction and amplitude. A consistent tilt illusion was measured across 12 healthy participants (29.7 ± 14.5 yo, 6 females). The hilltop illusion was quantified using both haptic vertical (HV) and subjective visual vertical (SVV) assessments, showing a significant tilt perception with larger values displayed in HV (2.2° ± 1.2-gain to the GIA tilt = 41.8%) compared to SVV (0.51° ± 0.57-gain = 9.7%). The protocol was well tolerated, with minimal motion sickness reported. This new protocol offers an accessible method for the generation of an implicit vestibular illusion, while demonstrating the importance of preventing cognitive awareness of motion cues. It offers insights in the perceptual process of vestibular conflicts and provides a foundation for potential development of diagnostic and therapeutic applications, for training and for illusions.

Indexed as

gravityillusionotolithperceptionsensoryvestibular system

Identifiers

PMID40852528
PMCPMC12367508

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.