Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40851421›Full record

ArticleImmunotherapy2025

Treatment patterns and outcomes in melanoma brain metastasis: exploring immune-related adverse events and survival.

Amrita Ladwa, Mu-Hsun Chen, Omar Elghawy, Jacob Friedberg, Hong Zhu, Varinder Kaur

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In one paragraph

Article in Immunotherapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Amrita LadwaObstetrics and Gynecology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Mu-Hsun ChenDivision of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Omar ElghawyDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jacob FriedbergDepartment of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Emily Couric Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Hong ZhuDivision of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Varinder KaurDepartment of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Emily Couric Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate real-world treatment patterns, incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAE), and impact of irAEs on outcomes in MBM.

methodsWe performed a retrospective study on MBM patients treated with immunotherapy in 2011-2022.

resultsOf the 1979 patients treated with immunotherapy, 453 had melanoma and 138 developed MBM. Median time from melanoma diagnosis to CNS metastasis was 37.8 months and median CNS PFS was 11.1 months. Higher burden of MBMs (6-10 or 11+) was associated with worse CNS PFS compared with low MBM burden (1-5 lesions) (HR = 1.89, 95% CI [1.10-3.25];

conclusionIncidence of irAE was associated with improved survival and trended toward improved CNS PFS.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunotherapyMelanomaAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeImmune Checkpoint Inhibitorsbrain metastasisimmune checkpoint inhibitorsImmunotherapyirAEmelanoma

Identifiers

PMID40851421
PMCPMC12427501

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.