Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40851312›Full record

ReviewConservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology2026

Contribution of microcosm experiments to conservation science.

Eleanor R Stern, Peter A Vesk, Chris C Clements, Michael A McCarthy

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Contribution of microcosm experiments to conservation science.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Eleanor R SternSchool of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2483-1426
Peter A VeskSchool of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2008-7062
Chris C ClementsSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5677-5401
Michael A McCarthySchool of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1039-7980

Funding

Australian Research Council DP230102663
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microcosms, or miniature experimental systems, have been used to develop models and theories in ecology. However, their contribution to conservation science is unclear. We explored the application, design, and impact of microcosms in conservation science from 469 systematically identified articles published from 1986 to 2023. We used generalized linear modeling to compare cumulative citations over time for each microcosm article with those of 71,738 nonmicrocosm articles in conservation science. We also surveyed the proportion of microcosm articles and nonmicrocosm articles focused on conservation science that were cited in policy documents. Two types of microcosms were used in conservation research: generalized microcosms (i.e., simplified analogies of systems used to test general theories and mathematical models) and specialized microcosms (i.e., recreations of specific ecosystems or species assemblages that test specific hypotheses). Microcosms were used to study biodiversity, invasive species, extinction, pollution, and climate change and were applied to a broad array of ecosystems and species. Microcosm experiments tended to be small (systems were liters in size or smaller) and conducted over short periods (weeks or months); could monitor study species for up to hundreds of generations; and had high sample replication. On average, microcosm studies were cited up to twice as often as nonmicrocosm studies 25 years after publication. Microcosm articles and nonmicrocosm articles focused on conservation science were cited in policy documents at similar rates to each other. We recommend that conservation science, which often focuses on urgent topics and rare or threatened ecosystems and species, may benefit from the manipulability and replicability that microcosms offer. Microcosm experiments may also be low risk for the study systems involved. Future uses of microcosms include providing experimental evidence and testing of conservation theories, models, and hypotheses.

Indexed as

Conservation of Natural ResourcesEcologyBiodiversityClimate ChangeEcosystemconservaciónconservationexperimentexperimentohypothesis testingmicrocosmmicrocosmosmodelaciónmodelingmodel systemsprueba de hipótesissistemas modelotheory保护假设检验实验建模微宇宙模型系统理论

Identifiers

PMID40851312
PMCPMC12856792

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.