ArticleScientific reports2025
Exploring the effect of canine cancer-associated fibroblasts on T cell dynamics through the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis modulated by TGF-β1.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Nanomedicine Meets Immunotherapy: Advancing Adoptive Cell Therapy with Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Cancer with Sustainability Perspectives.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Targeted Nanomedicine in Solid Tumor Therapy: From Mechanisms of Therapeutic Resistance to Precision Stromal Modulation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Emerging hallmarks and the rise of complexities and heterogeneity of tumor.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- The immune microenvironment in tumors: focus on canine and feline spontaneous neoplasms.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that modulate T cell immunity by secreting humoral factors and forming structural barriers. CAFs secrete the chemokine C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), which binds to C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) on T cells and induces chemotaxis. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), another humoral factor secreted by CAFs, has been reported to regulate the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis; however, a direct association between them has not been demonstrated in human medicine or veterinary medicine. This study investigated the role of canine CAFs in T cell migration through the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis and the regulatory influence of TGF-β1. CXCL12 and CXCR4 were expressed in the tumor stroma and on T cells, respectively, in dogs with epithelial malignant tumors. Canine CAFs secreted higher levels of CXCL12 and TGF-β1 than normal fibroblasts, and CAF-derived TGF-β1 modulated both CXCL12 secretion by CAFs and CXCR4 expression on T cells. Furthermore, canine CAFs induced T cell migration through the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. These findings indicate that CAFs may influence T cell migration through the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis under the regulation of TGF-β1 signaling, highlighting their potential role in shaping T cell dynamics within the TME.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.