Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40849506›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Biomagnification and potential health effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in a terrestrial food web.

Frauke Ecke, Bjørnar Ytrehus, Magnus Evander, Birger Hörnfeldt, Alexandra Leijon, Jonas Malmsten, Aleksandra Skrobonja, Lutz Ahrens

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Frauke EckeOrganismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, PO Box 65, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland. Frauke.Ecke@helsinki.fi.
Bjørnar YtrehusNorwegian Veterinary Institute, Ås, 1430, Norway.
Magnus EvanderDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 85, Sweden.
Birger HörnfeldtDepartment of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, 901 83, Sweden.
Alexandra LeijonDepartment of Pathology and Wildlife Diseases, Swedish Veterinary Agency, Ulls väg 2B, Uppsala, 751 89, Sweden.
Jonas MalmstenDepartment of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, 901 83, Sweden.
Aleksandra SkrobonjaDepartment of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, 750 07, Sweden.
Lutz AhrensDepartment of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, 750 07, Sweden.

Funding

Future One Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SLU.ua.2021.4.1-3058Gates Foundation INV-006350Naturvårdsverket NV-06350-22Swedish Environmental Protection Agency through Swedish Wildlife Management Fund Grant No. 2020-00093
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic pollutants with bioaccumulative, biomagnifying and toxic potential, and largely unknown fate and health effects in terrestrial wildlife. In a contaminated area, we studied PFAS in a terrestrial food web including soil, mushrooms, berries, and wild-living herbivores (bank vole and two ungulate species) and a specialized predator (Tengmalm's owl). In addition, in voles, we studied potential PFAS-induced liver damage and infection with a zoonotic pathogen. Concentrations of PFAS in vole livers were among the highest reported in terrestrial wildlife. Results suggest biomagnification of PFAS from soil, mushrooms, and berries to bank voles, from mushrooms to ungulates and from voles to the owl. Most vole livers showed diffuse cytoplasmic granulation, ranging from mild to severe, as well as mild and variable hepatocellular hypertrophy. We found high prevalence of Orthohantavirus puumalaense infection in bank voles, highlighting the possibility of PFAS-induced infection susceptibility. Our study supports that terrestrial wildlife magnifies PFAS from the environment and highlights largely unexplored yet worrying effects on wildlife health.

Indexed as

Environmental PollutantsFluorocarbonsFood ChainAnimalsArvicolinaeLiverStrigiformesEnvironmental PollutantsFluorocarbonsBank voleBioaccumulationFrösönHistopathologyPFOSPUUV

Identifiers

PMID40849506
PMCPMC12375026

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.