Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40849426›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Pollution indices of brackish water and sediments of major mangrove sites along Arabian Sea coast of Pakistan.

Malik Wajid Hussain Chan, Muhammad Ibrahim, Muhammad Qasim, Manzer H Siddiqui, Saud Alamri, Pirzada Jamal Ahmed Siddiqui, Salman Gulzar, Muhammad Azeem, Troy T Handlovic, M Farooq Wahab and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Malik Wajid Hussain ChanCentre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
Muhammad IbrahimPakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority, Block-77, Pakistan Secretariat, Karachi, 74400, Pakistan.
Muhammad QasimDr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
Manzer H SiddiquiDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Saud AlamriDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Pirzada Jamal Ahmed SiddiquiCentre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
Salman GulzarDr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
Muhammad AzeemDepartment of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
Troy T HandlovicDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
M Farooq WahabDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
Alanoud T AlfaghamDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Munawwer RasheedCentre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan. rasheed.munawwer@uok.edu.pk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Heavy metal (HM) contamination poses a significant environmental threat to Mangrove ecosystems, particularly in industrial and urban-influenced regions. This study has investigated the spatial and seasonal distribution of HM in water and sediment samples from three major mangrove sites along the Arabian Sea coast of Pakistan, Indus Delta, Sandspit and Miani Hor. Ten heavy metals (HM)- aluminum (Al), arsenic (Ar), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) were assessed using multiple pollution indices to evaluate the contamination levels and ecological risks. Multivariate analysis (MANOVA) and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed significant effects of sample types (water and sediments), sites, and seasons on HM concentrations. Sandspit exhibited the highest pollution level primarily due to industrial discharge and wastewater influx. Pollution indices identified Sandspit as the most contaminated mangrove stand. In seawater, HM Contamination factor (C

Indexed as

Heavy metals pollution indicesIndus deltaMangrove ecosystemMiani HorMonsoonSandspitSeasonal variations

Identifiers

PMID40849426
PMCPMC12374975

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.