ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2026
Increase of early-onset colorectal cancer: a cohort effect.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Risk of lymph-node metastasis in early onset T1 colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Pooled it
- Trends in early-onset cancer incidence rates in the Nordic countries (2003-2022): a population-based study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- How telomere attrition protects against cancer.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Announcing The Lancet Regional Health-Europe series on the alarming surge of early-onset colorectal cancer: a multidisciplinary call to action.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: From Epidemiologic Shift to Life-Course Carcinogenesis and Age-Attuned Care.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Biological aging and generational shifts in early-onset cancer risk.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Metabolic and Laboratory Biomarkers in Early-Onset Versus Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study.Cancers · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Tumor vessel phenotype in colorectal cancer microenvironment according to age at diagnosis.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Accelerating discovery of cancer causes for prevention in the era of rising early-onset cancers.Cell · 2026Review
- Serum metabolomics modelling reveals stage-associated purine and endocannabinoid metabolic signatures in colorectal cancer progression.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Hemorrhoids and Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review of Clinical Overlap, Diagnostic Misclassification, and Early Detection Strategies for Primary Care.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Review
- When the carcinogenic window opens before the screening window: the age-threshold blind spot in early-onset colorectal cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Cytotoxic T-cell exhaustion analyses by in situ single-cell immunofluorescence in relation to colorectal cancer patient age, tissue bacteria and mortality.BMJ oncology · 2026Article
- Colorectal cancer statistics, 2026.CA: a cancer journal for cliniciansObservational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Increasing incidence rates of early-onset colorectal cancer (ie, <50 years of age) have been reported across multiple countries. We investigated long-term cancer incidence data from 1995 or earlier from Australia, Canada, England, and the United States separately by sex. Estimated annual percentage change and age-period-cohort models were used to assess trends by country and sex. All countries showed increasing early-onset colorectal cancer incidence in successive birth cohorts since 1960, with individuals born in the 1990s facing at least 4-fold higher risks than individuals born in the 1960s. Cohort effects were observed across all countries, with sharper increases at younger ages. Over the most recent decade, the estimated annual percentage change ranged from 3.4% in Australia and the United States to 4.5% in England, with steep rises before age 40 years. The emergence of these trends from ages 20 to 29 years suggests that contributing factors may originate early in life and reflect exposures whose effect begin in youth and accumulate throughout the lifespan.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.