Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40848055›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging2026

Preclinical and pilot clinical evaluation of novel dual-modality pet/fluorescence probes targeting FAP for accurate tumor margin delineation.

Liang Zhao, Yizhen Pang, Daqiang Xu, Jianhao Chen, Shan Yu, Dan Ruan, Lingyu Yu, Zhenyu Wu, Guoqiang Su, Hua Wu and 4 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Liang Zhao *Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China.
Yizhen Pang *Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
Daqiang Xu *Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Jianhao Chen *Department of Colorectal Tumor Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Shan YuDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China.
Dan RuanDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China.
Lingyu YuDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China.
Zhenyu WuDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China.
Guoqiang SuDepartment of Colorectal Tumor Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Hua WuDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China.
Lin AiDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
Long SunDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China. 13178352662@163.com.
Di FanDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China. fandi0929@163.com.
Haojun ChenDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China. leochen0821@foxmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-9101-8884

Funding

Fujian Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Yong Scholars 2022D005Fujian Research and Training Grants for Young and Middle-aged Leaders in Healthcare, Key Scientific Research Program for Yong Scholars in Fujian 2021ZQNZD016National Natural Science Foundation of China 82202199National Natural Science Foundation of China 82422039
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAccurate delineation of tumor margins and maximal safe resection are critical for successful curative oncologic surgery. However, fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeted probes suitable for fluorescence imaging remain limited. Here, we developed novel FAP-targeted fluorescent probes to accurately delineate tumor margins and enable rapid intraoperative identification of tumor boundaries in resected specimens.

methodsDOTA chelator for radiolabelling with gallium-68 was incorporated into dual-modality FAP-targeted probes synthesised by conjugating FAP-2286 and 3BP-3940 with the near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore IRDye800CW. These probes were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo using HEK293T-FAP cells stably expressing FAP and xenograft mouse models. Positron emission tomography (PET) and (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging assessed the specificity and ability of probes to delineate tumor margins. For clinical validation, resected lung tissue was incubated ex vivo with the probes. Tumor regions and margins were identified using fluorescence imaging and subsequently validated by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and FAP immunohistochemistry.

resultsBoth IRDye800CW-FAP-2286 and IRDye800CW-3BP-3940 exhibited high affinity for FAP-positive cells in vitro. PET imaging revealed high tumor specificity for both probes in vivo. In vivo and ex vivo NIR-II fluorescence imaging enabled accurate visualisation of tumor margins, with IRDye800CW-3BP-3940 exhibiting superior performance compared with IRDye800CW-FAP-2286. In the clinical specimen, IRDye800CW-3BP-3940 successfully delineated tumor regions with strong concordance to histopathological findings.

conclusionWe developed and validated a novel dual-modality molecular probe, IRDye800CW-3BP-3940, which integrated PET and NIR fluorescence imaging capabilities. This probe enabled highly specific detection of FAP-positive tumors and precise delineation of tumor margins in resected specimens.

Indexed as

Fluorescent DyesGelatinasesMargins of ExcisionMembrane ProteinsOptical ImagingPositron-Emission TomographySerine EndopeptidasesAnimalsCell Line, TumorEndopeptidasesFemaleGallium RadioisotopesHEK293 CellsHumansMaleMiceEndopeptidasesFluorescent DyesGallium RadioisotopesGelatinasesMembrane ProteinsSerine EndopeptidasesDual-ModalityFAPNear-infrared imagingPET

Identifiers

PMID40848055

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.