Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40847642›Full record

ArticleInternational health2026

Examining wealth-related inequality in childhood vaccination in Fiji using the UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2021.

Connie Lam, Md Irteja Islam, Rachel Devi, Meru Sheel, Alexandra Martiniuk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Connie LamCentre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Public Health, Institute for Clinical Pathology and Medical Research Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145  Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0998-5400
Md Irteja IslamSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Edward Ford Building, A27 Fisher Road, University of Sydney NSW 2050  Australia.
Rachel DeviMinistry of Health and Medical Services, Toorak, Suva, Viti Levu Fiji.
Meru SheelSydney Infectious Diseases Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Level 5, Block K, Westmead NSW 2145  Australia.
Alexandra MartiniukSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Edward Ford Building, A27 Fisher Road, University of Sydney NSW 2050  Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite a 95% immunisation rate in Fiji, disparities exist in the distribution of immunisation in children from different socioeconomic backgrounds. We used data from the 2021 Fiji Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) to determine socioeconomic inequalities contributing to differences in immunisation coverage.

methodsData were extracted from the 'Household', 'Fertility/Birth history' and 'Children under 5' modules from the 2021 Fiji MICS to determine wealth quintiles and calculate vaccination rates for children aged 12-23 mo. Logistic regression was performed with factors of interest. Erreygers' corrected concentration index (ECI) was calculated and used to measure socioeconomic inequality.

resultsOut of 417 children; 85.6% (357/417) were fully immunised, 12.0% (50/417) partially immunised and 2.4% (10/417) had no immunisations. Factors associated with increased probability of being fully immunised included being in the highest wealth quintile after adjusting for the number of children in the household. Children from larger households were more likely to be partially immunised after adjusting for household wealth. The ECI for fully vaccinated children was positive, whereas the ECI was negative for partially vaccinated children. Logistic regression also indicated a pro-rich inequality in vaccination.

conclusionsOur results help guides policy decisions on the delivery of immunisation services, enabling more equitable childhood immunisation in Fiji.

Indexed as

Healthcare DisparitiesVaccinationVaccination CoverageFamily CharacteristicsFemaleFijiHumansImmunization ProgramsInfantMaleSocioeconomic Factorsconcentration indexFijiImmunisationinequalityMICSwealth

Identifiers

PMID40847642
PMCPMC13016815

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.