ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2025
Life-long body mass index trajectories and cardiometabolic biomarkers-the Danish diet, cancer, and health-next generations cohort.
Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Underweight in Young Adult Women as a Dynamic Nutritional State: Evidence from Four Complementary Longitudinal Methods.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Longitudinal trajectories of nutritional markers in patients with de novo Stage IV gastric cancer: a descriptive analysis using one-year survival as a reference.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesHigher body mass index (BMI) is strongly associated with cardiovascular metabolic diseases, however, BMI changes across the lifespan may be complex and non-linear. Furthermore, heterogeneous BMI trajectories may exhibit different cardiometabolic traits. We aimed to identify BMI trajectories over up to 50 years and examine their associations with cardiometabolic biomarkers. SUBJECTS/
methodsIn total, 30,581 participants from the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health - Next Generations cohort were included in the study. Participants recalled their weight history for each decade through questionnaires. Weight and height were measured, and blood samples were collected during a clinic visit. Cardiometabolic biomarkers (Hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, C-reactive Protein, and creatinine) were determined. Latent class growth models were applied to model BMI trajectories from age 20 until the current age. The optimal number of groups was selected according to Bayesian Information Criteria, the integrated completed likelihood, and the mean posterior probability of each group. Linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association between distinct BMI trajectories and cardiovascular biomarkers, with adjustment for age, sex, and smoking status.
resultsFour distinct BMI trajectories were identified: "Stable low BMI" group (32%, n = 9753), "Gradual BMI increase" (45%, n = 13,780), "Early high BMI" group (3%, n = 771), and "Steeper BMI increase" group (21%, n = 6277). Compared to the "Stable low BMI" group, all other trajectory groups showed significant associations with adverse cardiometabolic biomarkers. For instance, the "Steeper BMI increase" group was associated with elevated triglycerides (β = 0.36 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.34, 0.38), followed by the "Early high BMI" group (β = 0.30 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.34) and the "Gradual BMI increase" group (β = 0.12 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.13).
conclusionBoth those with constant high BMI and steeply increased BMI trajectories from age 20 had more unfavorable cardiometabolic profiles compared to those maintaining lower BMI throughout adulthood.
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