Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40846765›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Comparative analysis of ALA mediated sonodynamic therapy considering tumor size, light combination and ultrasound delivery in murine cutaneous melanoma.

Erika Toneth Ponce Ayala, Iago Silva E Carvalho, Camila Aparecida Antunes, Aisha Mahmood, Michelle Barreto Requena, Fernanda Alves, Layla Pires, Vladislav Yakovlev, Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato, Sebastião Pratavieira

Registry-linked trialAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07381972 (Optimization of Photodynamic Therapy Through the Association With Sonodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07381972 phase3recruitingnot on this map

Optimization of Photodynamic Therapy Through the Association With Sonodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Sao PauloRan2025 to 2026Enrolled142ConditionsNodular Basal Cell Carcinoma of SkinArmsControl Arm (Conventional Therapy), Experimental arm
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Erika Toneth Ponce AyalaSão Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, 13566-590, Brazil.
Iago Silva E CarvalhoSão Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, 13566-590, Brazil.
Camila Aparecida AntunesSão Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, 13566-590, Brazil.
Aisha MahmoodDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77840, USA.
Michelle Barreto RequenaSão Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, 13566-590, Brazil.
Fernanda AlvesSão Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, 13566-590, Brazil.
Layla PiresDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77840, USA.
Vladislav YakovlevDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77840, USA.
Vanderlei Salvador BagnatoSão Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, 13566-590, Brazil.
Sebastião PratavieiraSão Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, 13566-590, Brazil. prata@ifsc.usp.br.

Funding

Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas RR220054Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 465360/2014-9, 306919/2019-2, 440237/2021-1, 305072/2022-6Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2013/07276-1 (Optics and Photonics Research Center - CePOF), 2014/50857-8 (National Institutes of Science and Technology - INCT), 2022/10860-6, 2022/13224-3, 2023/04209-3 and 2024/07968-5 (fellowships), 2023/14868-4
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a non-invasive alternative treatment for cancer. However, its effects on early-stage and intradermally implanted melanoma remain underexplored. Here, we investigated the in vivo effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-mediated SDT on early-stage murine cutaneous melanoma. Three comparative analyses were conducted to evaluate: (1) the efficacy of SDT on tumors at two distinct stages-Stage 1 and Stage 2-defined in this study based on Breslow depth: 1-1.5 mm for Stage 1 and 2.5-3 mm for Stage 2; (2) the therapeutic potential of combining SDT with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in Stage 1 tumors; and (3) the effectiveness of two ultrasound delivery approaches-via waveguide and direct contact. SDT induced significant tumor growth inhibition in Stage 1 (86.5%) and Stage 2 (72.5%) tumors compared to controls. The combination of SDT and PDT did not result in significantly greater tumor growth inhibition compared to SDT or PDT alone in Stage 1 tumors. ALA-mediated SDT thus demonstrates potential as a therapeutic strategy for early-stage cutaneous melanoma. However, under the conditions employed, combining SDT with PDT did not enhance therapeutic efficacy. Both waveguide-mediated and direct-contact ultrasound delivery proved effective for treating Stage 2 tumors, with waveguides offering advantages in anatomically challenging regions.

Indexed as

Aminolevulinic AcidMelanomaMelanoma, ExperimentalPhotochemotherapyPhotosensitizing AgentsSkin NeoplasmsUltrasonic TherapyAnimalsCell Line, TumorCombined Modality TherapyCutaneous Malignant MelanomaFemaleMiceAminolevulinic AcidPhotosensitizing Agents5-aminolevulinic acidMelanomaPhotodynamicProtoporphyrin IXSonodynamic

Identifiers

PMID40846765
PMCPMC12373959

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.