ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2025
Academic and social-behavioral assessment in a prospective cohort of normocephalic school-aged children with antenatal Zika virus exposure.
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Inapparent maternal ZIKV infection impacts fetal brain development and postnatal behavior.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesLong-term outcomes in children with antenatal Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure without microcephaly are unknown. We assessed academic and social-behavioral outcomes among normocephalic school-aged children with antenatal ZIKV exposure and controls.
methodsSchool-aged children exposed to Zika (ZEC) and unexposed controls (ZUCs) were recruited in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The academic performance and strengths and difficulties questionnaire was evaluated through parental interviews. Clinical/demographic data were abstracted from medical records/interviews. Potential associations with trimester of infection, early neurodevelopment, and neuro-sensory findings were explored in ZEC.
resultsIn total, 147 children were enrolled: 78 ZEC and 69 ZUCs. The mean age for ZEC was 8.1 years and the mean age for ZUCs was 7.7 years; 50.0% of ZEC and 44.9% of ZUCs were male. Reading (21.8% vs 7.2%, P = 0.0193) difficulties, writing (20.5% vs 5.8%, P = 0.0144) difficulties, and suspected/diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders (39.7% vs 17.4%, P = 0.0036) were greater in ZEC than ZUCs. ZEC had higher scores in total difficulties (13.32 vs 10.10, P = 0.0099), emotional symptoms (4.33 vs 2.90, P = 0.0011), and hyperactivity (4.95 vs 3.41, P = 0.0037). ZIKV exposure was a predictor of reading (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.17-9.79), writing (aOR = 4.02, 95% CI = 1.27-12.74), emotional (aOR = 3.51, 95% CI = 1.72-7.18), and hyperactivity (aOR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.18-4.98) problems. Early developmental delay was more frequent in ZEC with academic difficulties (P = 0.0018).
conclusionsAntenatal ZIKV exposure is associated with increased risk of academic difficulties, neurodevelopmental diagnoses, and social-behavioral problems in school-aged normocephalic children.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.