ArticleSeminars in arthritis and rheumatism2025
Longitudinal changes on cranial magnetic resonance imaging in relapsing giant cell arteritis.
Article in Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Scoping review of clinical, laboratory, histopathological and imaging predictors of relapse in adults with biopsy- or temporal artery ultrasound-confirmed giant cell arteritis on standard therapy with glucocorticoids alone or in combination with biologics.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2026Review
- The Role of Imaging in Monitoring Large Vessel Vasculitis: A Comprehensive Review.Biomolecules · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThere is a need for better tools to monitor disease activity in giant cell arteritis (GCA). Prior studies demonstrated that vascular enhancement on cranial vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (vw-MRI) decreases with treatment of GCA, but whether enhancement increases during relapse is not well known. This study examined changes on vw-MRI during relapse of cranial GCA.
methodsPatients with active GCA acquired cranial vw-MRIs at enrollment and months 1, 6, and 12 and if suspected relapse occurred. Neuroradiologists graded vw-MRI enhancement for several structures. Changes in MRI scores were compared with clinically-determined disease activity and acute phase reactants (APR).
resultsFourteen patients with GCA were included: 4 patients experienced a cranial or ocular relapse; 2 patients experienced a relapse with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) without cranial symptoms; and 8 patients were in sustained remission. All 4 patients who experienced cranial or ocular relapse had increased vw-MRI enhancement in at least one cranial structure. Two patients experiencing relapse of PMR had persistent but not increased enhancement, while 7 of 8 patients in sustained remission had decreased or normal enhancement on follow-up. Cranial structures that showed increased enhancement at relapse included the occipital artery, optic nerve sheath, and maxillary artery. APR levels remained normal in most relapses, likely impacted by use of tocilizumab.
conclusionDuring relapse of cranial GCA, increased contrast enhancement of cranial structures is observed on vw-MRI even when APR levels remained normal. These data offer proof-of-concept that vw-MRI has potential for longitudinal disease monitoring of GCA.
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