A Network for Advancing Prevention and Treatment of Infections Among Immunocompromised Individuals.

Importance: Immunocompromised individuals are a large and growing population who are at increased risk for infectious diseases. There has and continues to be a lack of focus on clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of therapies for infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients. The establishment of a US-based clinical trial network to improve the study and subsequent implementation of therapies and strategies to treat and prevent infections in immunocompromised individuals would address this gap in research infrastructure and jumpstart public and private investment. Observations: A national interdisciplinary meeting was convened on September 10, 2024, in Bethesda, Maryland, to discuss the outsized impact of infectious diseases in immunocompromised individuals and to identify the primary gaps and opportunities for clinical trials in this population. Approaches to achieve this goal include obtaining dedicated funding and support through public-private partnerships to establish alignment and feasibility for high-priority areas of research. This article outlines the relevance of this work; ongoing efforts to collaborate with the National Institutes of Health, US Congress, industry, and philanthropy to obtain funding for mutually beneficial outcomes; the network structure; and perspectives from clinicians, regulatory agencies, the pharmaceutical industry, and patients. Conclusions and Relevance: There is a dearth of evidence to support the use of many therapies for infectious diseases in immunocompromised individuals, which has substantial impact at the individual and societal level. A multipronged approach to improve integration of, and funding for, rigorous research in this population into the core priorities of the public and private sectors could address important public health gaps by developing evidence-based guidance to protect a vulnerable community.