ArticleInternational journal of methods in psychiatric research2025
Normative Data for the Swedish Versions of the Beck Anxiety Index and Beck Depression Inventory-Version 2.
Article in International journal of methods in psychiatric research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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- Normative Data for the Swedish Versions of the Beck Anxiety Index and Beck Depression Inventory-Version 2.International journal of methods in psychiatric research · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundTwo of the most extensively utilized questionnaires for assessing symptoms of anxiety and depression are Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory-second version (BDI-II).
aimGiven the absence of normative data based on a representative Scandinavian cohort, the primary objective is to provide normative data from a representative Swedish general population sample and explore potential associations with sociodemographic variables.
methodsData was collected 2019 from a pre-stratified Swedish adult population sample (n = 2622).
resultsThe average mean value showed: a mild level of anxiety (8.7 ± 9.5) and a minimal level of depression (3.4 ± 5.6). Higher BAI and BDI-II scores were observed in women and younger individuals. There was an association between educational attainment and BDI-II scores, where those with a bachelor's degree or higher reported a lower depression score. Results show that BAI and BDI-II deviate from normality but demonstrate excellent internal consistency (McDonald's omega 0.92 and 0.91, respectively). BAI had a poor model fit (RMSEA) 0.11), while BDI-II had a fair model fit (RMSEA 0.08). DISCUSSION: The present study presents normative data for BAI and BDI-II based on a representative sample from the Swedish general population. The model fit was not ideal, indicating caution, particularly for BAI.
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