Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40843639›Full record

ArticleJournal of fish diseases2026

Trouble in the Tank: A Case Report of Fatal Scuticociliate Encephalitis in a Whitetip Reef Shark (Triaenodon obesus).

Hella Schwegler, Jeff Schreiner, Maria Prüllage, Karoline Lipnik, Astrid S Holzer, Eva Lewisch

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of fish diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hella SchweglerFish Health Division, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4822-7791
Jeff SchreinerHaus Des Meeres, Aqua Terra Zoo, Vienna, Austria.
Maria PrüllageClinical Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4072-8963
Karoline LipnikFish Health Division, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Astrid S HolzerFish Health Division, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Eva LewischFish Health Division, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1295-1482

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This case report presents a recent case of scuticociliatosis in a whitetip reef shark (Triaenodon obesus), housed at a zoo (Haus des Meeres Aqua Terra Zoo, Vienna, Austria). Clinical signs such as uncoordinated swimming and body tilt were observed prior to death. Postmortem examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed significant brain lesions consistent with granulomatous or necrotising encephalitis. Histopathology and molecular diagnostics confirmed the presence of the scuticociliate Miamiensis avidus and/or Philasterides dicentrarchi in the brain, with extensive tissue invasion. This case underscores the pathogenicity of scuticociliates in elasmobranchs, highlighting the need for effective management practices in aquaria to prevent or mitigate such infections. In this study, we present the first documented infection with scuticociliates in the whitetip reef shark.

Indexed as

Ciliophora InfectionsEncephalitisFish DiseasesOligohymenophoreaSharksAnimalsAnimals, ZooBrainFatal OutcomeMagnetic Resonance Imagingmagnetic resonance imagingMRIscuticociliatosisshark diseaseTriaenodon obesus

Identifiers

PMID40843639
PMCPMC12865267

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.