Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40843113›Full record

ArticleJournal of physics. Complexity2025

Time-varying synergy/redundancy dominance in the human cerebral cortex.

Maria Pope, Thomas F Varley, Maria Grazia Puxeddu, Joshua Faskowitz, Olaf Sporns

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of physics. Complexity, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Structural signatures of synergy and redundancy in human brain function.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Maria PopeSchool of Informatics, Computing & Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6717-7132
Thomas F VarleyVermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3317-9882
Maria Grazia PuxedduDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8725-465X
Joshua FaskowitzDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1814-7206
Olaf SpornsSchool of Informatics, Computing & Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7265-4036

Funding

Mapping the Human Connectome: Structure, Function, and HeritabilityU54MH091657 · NIMH · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI UGURBIL, KAMIL, VAN ESSEN, DAVID C · 2010 to 2014
$34.7M
NIMH NIH HHS U54 MH091657
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent work has emphasized the ubiquity of higher-order interactions in brain function. These interactions can be characterized as being either redundancy or synergy-dominated by applying tools from multivariate information theory. Though recent work has shown the importance of both synergistic and redundant interactions to brain function, their dynamic structure is still unknown. Here we analyze the moment-to-moment synergy and redundancy dominance of the fMRI BOLD signal during rest for 95 unrelated subjects to show that redundant and synergistic interactions have highly structured dynamics across many interaction sizes. The whole brain is strongly redundancy-dominated, with some subjects never experiencing a whole-brain synergistic moment. In small sets of brain regions, our analyses reveal that subsets which are redundancy dominated on average exhibit the most complex dynamic behavior as well as the most synergistic and most redundant time points. In accord with previous work, these regions frequently belong to a single coherent functional system, and our analysis reveals that they become synergistic when that functional system becomes momentarily disintegrated. Although larger subsets cannot be contained in a single functional network, similar patterns of instantaneous disintegration mark when they become synergistic. At all sizes of interaction, we find notable temporal structure of both synergy and redundancy-dominated interactions. We show that the interacting nodes change smoothly in time and have significant recurrence. Both of these properties make time-localized measures of synergy and redundancy highly relevant to future studies of behavior or cognition as time-resolved phenomena.

Indexed as

brain dynamicshigher-order interactionsredundancysynergytime-varying interactions

Identifiers

PMID40843113
PMCPMC12366633

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.