ArticleNature electronics2025
Continuous Biochemical Profiling of the Gastrointestinal Tract Using an Integrated Smart Capsule.
Article in Nature electronics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- DELTA: Strengthening human biological resilience with an N=1 digital health and dynamic biomarker protocol.PloS one · 2026Trial
- Continuous Molecular Monitoring Using Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors: Remaining Challenges for Long-Term In Vivo Deployment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- A mechanically robust wearable sweat analysis platform with plug-and-play interconnects for continuous biomarker profiling.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- In Vivo Continuous Biosensing: Design Considerations and Emerging Technologies.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Precision nutrition for the prevention and management of inflammatory bowel disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Review of Gastrointestinal Capsule Robots: Materials, Actuation, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Neural dynamics of temporal interference stimulation monitoring by soft liquid metal interfaces across neural systems.Nature communications · 2026Article
- AI-driven tripartite classification for optimizing wearable bioelectronics in depression management.Science advances · 2026Article
- Tissue-bioelectronics interfaces.Chemical Society reviews · 2026Review
- Metal anchoring strategy: electrochemical sensor with excellent performance in gastrointestinal secretions.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Electronics-free soft robotic minitablet for on-demand gastric molecular sensing and diagnostics in vivo.Science advances · 2026Article
- Transforming healthcare through in-body bioelectronic systems.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Nanomaterial-Based Inkjet Printing for Electrochemical Sensing.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Physical Intelligence in Small-Scale Robots and Machines.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Mussel-Bioinspired Edible CaAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Edible electronics: Current landscape and emerging pathways.Journal of materials research · 2026Review
- Patient-centered gastrointestinal function assessment technologies: a paradigm shift from traditional approaches to non-invasive innovations.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- A gastric retentive robotic capsule enables emergency-prepared and responsive oral drug delivery in canine models.Science advances · 2025Article
- Wearable biomolecular sensing nanotechnologies in chronic disease management.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Review
- A novel insight into the femtosecond induced nonlinear response of monoamine neurotransmitters through experimental and in silico approaches.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract contains a wealth of chemical information that can be used to decipher the health of the digestive and nervous systems. Traditional methods of analysis, such as fecal analysis and biopsies, are invasive, costly, and incapable of providing real-time metabolic and hormone profiling across the gastrointestinal tract. Commercial ingestible capsule sensors have been developed, but only monitor basic markers, such as pH and pressure, neglecting detailed chemical analysis. Here we report an integrated smart capsule that can simultaneously detect a spectrum of biochemical markers, including electrolytes, metabolites, and hormones. The capsule, which is termed PillTrek, is 7 mm in diameter and 25 mm in length, and houses a miniaturized wireless electrochemical workstation capable of executing a range of electrochemical measurement techniques (potentiometry, amperometry, voltammetry, and impedimetry), allowing it to interface with a variety of electrochemical sensors and detect various parameters in the gut. Using an array of sensors (serotonin, glucose, pH, ionic strength, and temperature), we illustrate the capabilities of the system in vitro and in vivo in animal studies involving rat and rabbit models, monitoring the dynamic profile of these crucial biomarkers and their responsiveness to different dietary intakes.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.