ReviewCureus2025
Exploring Variability in Spinal Anesthesia Levels Achieved During Cesarean Section Deliveries: A Narrative Review.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07638280 (Analysis of Non-pharmacological Factors on Spinal Anaesthesia Block Duration), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Analysis of Non-pharmacological Factors on Spinal Anaesthesia Block Duration
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Spinal anesthesia (SA) is the preferred technique for cesarean section (CS), but variability in sensory block levels poses challenges. This variability becomes particularly prominent in pregnant women, and while the physiological changes of pregnancy are widely recognized contributors, local anesthetic (LA) properties and some technical factors are also responsible for these variations. Literature from 2015 to 2025 was reviewed on PubMed and Google Scholar to identify physiological, technical, and pharmacological factors responsible for spinal block characteristics in parturients. Pregnancy-related changes, e.g., reduced cerebrospinal fluid volume (CSF), technical factors (e.g., interspace misidentification), and drug baricity contribute to variability. A detailed understanding of the physiological changes of pregnancy, fine details of anesthetic technique, and pharmacological properties of medications used is important. Individualized techniques and adopting ultrasound guidance could enhance consistency. Further studies on CSF density and standardized protocols are warranted.
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