Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40842569›Full record

ArticleAnalytical science advances2025

Medicine Dropper-Assisted Solvent Bar Micro-Extraction (SBME) of Imidacloprid Pesticide From Fruit Samples Utilizing a Facemask's Meltdown Layer as a Holder of a Deep Eutectic Extraction Solvent.

Herbert Musarurwa, Nikita Tawanda Tavengwa, Tebogo Mphatlalala Mokgehle, Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala, Shirley Kholofelo Selahle

Abstract read
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Article in Analytical science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

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3citing papers in PubMed
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3 · Its place in the literature

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3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Herbert MusarurwaDepartment of Chemistry Faculty of Science Engineering and Agriculture University of Venda Thohoyandou South Africa.
Nikita Tawanda TavengwaDepartment of Chemistry Faculty of Science Engineering and Agriculture University of Venda Thohoyandou South Africa.
Tebogo Mphatlalala MokgehleDepartment of Chemistry Faculty of Science Engineering and Agriculture University of Venda Thohoyandou South Africa.
Ntakadzeni Edwin MadalaDepartment of Biochemistry Faculty of Science Engineering and Agriculture University of Venda University of Venda Thohoyandou South Africa.
Shirley Kholofelo SelahleDepartment of Chemistry Faculty of Science Engineering and Agriculture University of Venda Thohoyandou South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In response to an emerging need for the development of advanced analytical methods to guarantee food quality and safety, this study presents a novel medicine dropper-assisted SBME (MD-SBME) that was developed. The technique uses a meltdown layer of a facemask (MLF) as a holder of the extraction solvent. A hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) made from thymol and menthol was used as the extraction solvent during the MD-SBME analysis of imidacloprid pesticide in fruit samples. Characterization of the NADES was done using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and the experimental results confirmed that it was successfully synthesized. The MD-SBME parameters, like ionic strength, sample pH, elution solvent type, elution solvent volume, type of DES and extraction solvent volume, were studied and optimized using both the univariate and multivariate approaches. The greenness of the MD-SBME technique was evaluated using the Complementary Modified Green Analytical Procedure Index (ComplexMoGapi) algorithm, and the total score was 85. A total score of 65 was obtained when the practicality of the MD-SBME procedure was evaluated using the blue applicability grade index (BAGI) metric tool. HPLC-PDA was used for the analysis of imidacloprid residues in fruit samples using the developed MD-SBME technique. Under the optimum conditions, limits of detection and quantification were in the range of 0.007-0.02 and 0.02-0.069

Indexed as

blue applicability grade index (BAGI)Complementary Modified Green Analytical Procedure Index (ComplexMoGAPI)hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solventsimidaclopridmeltdown layer of facemasksolvent bar micro‐extraction

Identifiers

PMID40842569
PMCPMC12364616

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.