Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40842266›Full record

ArticleInfection control and hospital epidemiology2025

Impact of routine chlorhexidine bathing and nasal iodophor on MDRO colonization and environmental contamination in nursing homes.

Evelyn Adriana Flores, Raveena Singh, James A McKinnell, Thomas T Tjoa, Gabrielle M Gussin, Bryn Launer, Michael Bolaris, Kaye Evans, Ellena Peterson, Loren G Miller and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Infection control and hospital epidemiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Bridging borders: adapting the Orange County methicillin-resistantInfection control and hospital epidemiology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Evelyn Adriana FloresInfectious Disease Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Division of Infectious Disease, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
Raveena SinghDivision of Infectious Diseases, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
James A McKinnellInfectious Disease Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Division of Infectious Disease, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
Thomas T TjoaDivision of Infectious Diseases, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Gabrielle M GussinDivision of Infectious Diseases, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8051-7613
Bryn LaunerInfectious Disease Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Division of Infectious Disease, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
Michael BolarisInfectious Disease Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Division of Infectious Disease, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
Kaye EvansDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Ellena PetersonDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Loren G Miller *Infectious Disease Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Division of Infectious Disease, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0487-1711
Susan S Huang *Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6748-3447

Funding

Simulating the Spread and Control of Multiple MDROs Across a Network of Different Nursing HomesU19AI172725 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI Bruce Y Lee · 2024 to 2026
$10.9M
Simulating the Spread and Control of Multiple MDROs Across a Network of Different Nursing HomesP01AI172725 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI HUANG, SUSAN S. · 2023 to 2023
$2.9M
NCEZID CDC HHS U54 CK000172NCEZID CDC HHS U54 CK000484NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI172725NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI172725
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNursing homes residents have a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) colonization. Recent trials demonstrated that decolonizing residents reduces infection. However, decolonization's impact on environmental MDRO contamination is not well understood.

methodsWe performed a 9-month pilot (3-month baseline, 3-month phase-in and 3-month intervention) in 3 nursing homes implementing routine chlorhexidine bathing/showering and nasal iodophor. We repeatedly tested for colonization via skin and nasal swabs for methicillin-resistant

resultsDecolonization decreased the odds of MDRO colonization in nursing home residents by 55% (OR 0.45,

conclusionRoutine chlorhexidine bathing and nasal iodophor significantly reduced MDRO body colonization among nursing home residents. However, in rooms of residents who remained MDRO carriers, environmental contamination was unchanged during the decolonization intervention. Efforts to ensure fomite surface clearance in rooms of MDRO carriers may be key to reducing environmental MDRO spread.

Indexed as

Anti-Infective Agents, LocalBathsChlorhexidineCross InfectionNursing HomesAgedAged, 80 and overCarbapenem-Resistant EnterobacteriaceaeCarrier StateDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialFemaleFomitesHumansMaleMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusPilot ProjectsAnti-Infective Agents, LocalChlorhexidine

Identifiers

PMID40842266
PMCPMC12768224

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.