Trial reportThe European journal of neuroscience2025
Peak Alpha Frequency Is Not Significantly Altered by Five Days of Experimental Pain and Repetitive Transcranial Stimulation of the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex.
Trial report in The European journal of neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Modulation of evoked alpha oscillatory activity in the frontocentral region during analgesia by non-invasive brain stimulation.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Trial
- Peak Alpha Frequency Is Not Significantly Altered by Five Days of Experimental Pain and Repetitive Transcranial Stimulation of the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Trial
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) holds promise as a noninvasive pain treatment. Given the link between individual peak alpha frequency (PAF) of resting-state electroencephalographic recordings and pain sensitivity, and the potential for rTMS to modulate PAF, we investigated these relationships through a secondary analysis of established rTMS-induced analgesia in an experimental model of sustained muscle pain. In a randomized, single-blind, sham-controlled experiment, 30 healthy adults underwent either active (n = 15) or sham (n = 15) high-frequency rTMS (20 min) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for five consecutive days following the induction of sustained experimental pain by nerve growth factor (NGF) injected into the right extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. The pain intensity was assessed daily for 14 days on a numerical rating scale (NRS). PAF of the resting-state electroencephalography (5 min) was assessed before and 1 day after the five rTMS treatment days. The preregistered analysis revealed no significant changes in PAF following five consecutive days of active (from 9.90 ± 0.39 Hz to 9.95 ± 0.38 Hz) or sham (from 9.86 ± 0.44 Hz to 9.81 ± 0.35 Hz) rTMS, suggesting that the impact of rTMS on NGF-induced pain is independent of PAF modulation. However, exploratory analysis indicated an association between a larger absolute difference in baseline PAF to 10 Hz (i.e., the rTMS frequency) and higher NRS pain ratings at Day 5 in participants receiving active rTMS. This suggests rTMS is more efficient when delivered close to individual PAF or for those with PAF around 10 Hz, necessitating further exploration of PAF's role in rTMS-induced pain relief.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.