Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40841830›Full record

ArticleClinical & experimental metastasis2025

Morphological heterogeneities in prostate cancer bone metastases are related to molecular subtypes and prognosis.

Sofia Halin Bergström, Julius Semenas, Annika Nordstrand, Elin Thysell, Johan Wänman, Sead Crnalic, Anders Widmark, Camilla Thellenberg-Karlsson, Pernilla Andersson, Susanne Gidlund and 5 more

Abstract read
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Article in Clinical & experimental metastasis, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Sofia Halin BergströmDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. sofia.halin@umu.se.
Julius SemenasDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Annika NordstrandDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Elin ThysellDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Johan WänmanDepartment of Diagnostics and Interventions, Orthopedics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Sead CrnalicDepartment of Diagnostics and Interventions, Orthopedics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Anders WidmarkDepartment of Diagnostics and Interventions, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Camilla Thellenberg-KarlssonDepartment of Diagnostics and Interventions, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Pernilla AnderssonDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Susanne GidlundDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Marie LundholmDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Karin WelénDepartment of Urology, Sahlgrenska Centre for Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Andreas JosefssonDepartment of Diagnostics and Interventions, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Pernilla WikströmDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Anders BerghDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We previously identified three molecular subtypes of prostate cancer (PC) bone metastases, MetA-C, with MetB linked to poor prognosis after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). This study analyzed epithelial and stromal markers using immunohistochemistry, focusing on their relationship to MetA-C subtypes, spatial heterogeneities, and clinical outcomes after ADT. High tumor proliferation and low PSA expression were associated with MetB and poor outcomes after ADT. Most metastases contained tumor epithelial subclones with different morphologies. In the metastasis stroma, blood vessels and fibroblast-like cells expressed smooth muscle actin (SMA), platelet-derived growth factor β, stroma-derived factor 1 (SDF1), periostin (POSTN), and decorin (DCN). Compared to each other, MetB metastases had higher SMA and ERG + endothelial cell densities, while MetA cases showed higher SDF1 and DCN levels. Accordingly, high POSTN and ERG + densities were associated with poor outcomes after ADT, whereas high DCN indicated favorable prognosis. Low levels of AR-positive stromal cells were linked to poor outcomes. Macrophage and T-lymphocyte densities showed no significant associations with metastases subtypes or outcome. Two stroma subtypes were identified: subtype 1 with higher bone content, lower vessel density, MetA-enrichment and better prognosis compared to subtype 2 that exhibited higher tumor proliferation and lower PSA expression. Most metastases contained regions of both stroma subtypes.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorBone NeoplasmsProstatic NeoplasmsAgedAndrogen AntagonistsHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisAndrogen AntagonistsBiomarkers, TumorAndrogen deprivation therapyBone metastasis stromaMetastases morphologyMetastatic stromaProstate cancer metastasesProstate cancer molecular subtypesStromal markersTumor heterogeneityTumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID40841830
PMCPMC12370827

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.