ArticleJournal of occupational health2025
Work hours, appraisal at work, and intention to leave the medical research workforce in Japan.
Article in Journal of occupational health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comment on "postoperative outcomes of cardiovascular surgery managed by nurse practitioners".General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2026Article
- Gender disparities in the association between marital status and intention to leave research careers among medical researchers.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesStrengthening the research workforce is essential to safeguard public health and human lives. This study examined the associations between work hours and perceived performance appraisal, and the intention to leave the medical research workforce.
methodsThis cross-sectional study used data collected from medical researchers between December 2022 and January 2023. The questionnaire was distributed to participants via all 141 societies of the Japanese Association of Medical Sciences. Weekly work hours were self-reported using 10 response options. Perceived appraisal of research performance at work was assessed using 6 response options and dichotomized into inappropriately appraised (slightly disagree/totally disagree) and the rest. Intention to leave the research workforce was also self-reported and dichotomized. We calculated multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for intention to leave, according to work hours and perceived appraisal.
resultsOf 3139 participants (852 women), most (n = 686) worked 60-79 hours weekly. One in four (n = 745) felt inappropriately appraised, and 11% (n = 356) intended to leave. A U-shaped association was observed between work hours and intention to leave (aOR: 2.05; 95% CI, 1.12-3.73, for weekly working 100 hours or longer), although the quadratic trend was not significant (P = .15). The inappropriately appraised group had a 3.6 times (95% CI, 2.81-4.58) higher OR of intending to leave compared with their appropriately appraised counterparts.
conclusionsThe results suggest that researchers who work long hours and feel inappropriately appraised are more likely to consider leaving the medical research workforce.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.