ArticlePloS one2025
Tick phenology, tick-host associations, and tick-borne pathogen surveillance in a recreational forest of East Texas, USA.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular Surveillance Reveals Diverse Tick-Borne Pathogens in Northern California.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Tick Diversity and Abundance in Protected Natural Areas in Sicily, Southern Italy: A Baseline Ecological Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Ticks: Biology, Habitat, Threats and Protection Methods.Biology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Management of tick-borne disease necessitates an understanding of tick phenology, tick-host associations, and pathogen dynamics. In a recreational hotspot outside of one of the largest cities in the United States, we conducted a year of monthly standardized tick drag sampling and wildlife trapping in Sam Houston National Forest, a high use recreation site near Houston in east Texas, US. By sampling 150 wildlife hosts of 18 species, including rodents, meso-mammals, deer, reptiles, and amphibians, we collected 87 blood samples, 90 ear biopsies, and 861 ticks representing four species (Amblyomma americanum, Dermacentor variabilis, Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes texanus). Drag sampling yielded 1,651 questing ticks of three species: A. americanum (921), D. variabilis (10), and I. scapularis (720). Off-host larval A. americanum abundance peaked in July, followed by peak infestations of wildlife, predominantly raccoons, in August. Off-host I. scapularis larvae abundance peaked in spring (March-May), while very few were removed from hosts and only a single I. scapularis nymph was found throughout the study via dragging in June. In contrast, both off-host and on-host adult I. scapularis occurred most frequently in the winter. Overall, tick infections included 25.3% (183/725) with Rickettsia buchneri, 15.5% (112/725) Rickettsia amblyommatis, 8.0% (58/725) Rickettsia tillamookensis, 0.8% (6/725) Rickettsia spp., and a single tick with a hard tick relapsing fever Borrelia spp.; no tick tested positive for Borrelia burgdorferi. Characterizing tick phenology, tick-host associations, and tick-borne bacteria fills important knowledge gaps for the risk of tick-borne diseases in pine-dominated forests of this region.
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