ArticleSurgery today2026
Preoperative predictive factors and the prognostic impact of spread through air spaces in clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma.
Article in Surgery today, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Elevated glucose metabolism via the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway: A metabolic signature of high-fluorodeoxyglucose-uptake lung adenocarcinoma.Surgery today · 2026Article
- Development of a model to predict high-risk histopathological features in early T-stage lung adenocarcinoma using thin-slice CT and FDG-PET/CT parameters for selecting optimal candidates for sub-lobar resection.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Wedge resection versus segmentectomy in peripheral clinical stage IA lung cancer concerning ground-glass opacity.Surgery today · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
purposeSpread through air spaces (STAS) is a poor prognostic factor for lung adenocarcinoma, particularly in patients undergoing limited resection, and its accurate prediction can improve the patient outcomes. This study evaluated the impact of STAS on the surgical outcomes and predictive factors.
methodsWe analyzed 511 patients with clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma who underwent curative resection between 2007 and 2022. STAS was assessed histologically, and logistic regression was used to identify the predictors. The recurrence-free and overall survival rates were also evaluated.
resultsAmong the patients, 27.8% had STAS with significantly poor 5-year recurrence-free survival (65.6% vs. 88.5% in STAS-positive vs.-negative cases, respectively), particularly in patients treated with sublobar resection. STAS was an independent, poor prognostic factor for the recurrence-free survival in the sublobar group but not in the lobectomy group. Elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen (≥ 5.8 ng/mL), consolidation tumor ratio (≥ 0.9), and SUVmax (≥ 2.3) were independent predictors. STAS positivity increased with the number of risk factors as follows: 8.0% (none), 27.1% (one), 38.5% (two), and 60.4% (all three).
conclusionsThe prediction of STAS using carcinoembryonic antigen levels, consolidation tumor ratio, and SUVmax can guide surgical decision-making and facilitate the provision of individualized treatment strategies for stage IA lung adenocarcinoma.
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