ReviewInfection and immunity2025
Biofilm-associated molecular patterns: BAMPs.
Review in Infection and immunity, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Biofilm formation during pneumococcal carriage imprints naturally acquired humoral immunity.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Mechanisms underlying pyogenic bacterial infections of the skin.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Biofilm formation during pneumococcal carriage imprints naturally acquired humoral immunity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Biofilm and planktonic lifestyles modulate lipid A structure and inflammatory response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa from people with cystic fibrosis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prokaryotic homeostasis - a solution to thrive and survive.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic infections involving bacterial biofilms are a major clinical challenge due to the ability of biofilm to resist antimicrobial treatments and host immune responses. The resulting persistent infections are often accompanied by collateral damage mainly executed by activated components of the innate immune system in response to the infectious biofilm. The innate immune system responds to the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are broadly expressed by both planktonic and biofilm-forming bacteria. However, the expression of special PAMPs in association with biofilms remains poorly defined. Here, we review prior studies that provide experimental evidence of the existence of immune-activating molecular patterns that are expressed at immunostimulatory levels in biofilms but not in planktonic bacteria. Accordingly, we introduce the concept of biofilm-associated molecular patterns (BAMPs) as a subset of PAMPs that are expressed in biofilms. Identifying BAMPs and elucidating their role in innate immune activation may inform the development of targeted therapies to reduce collateral tissue damage in biofilm-associated infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.