Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40838555›Full record

ArticleActa ophthalmologica2026

Metastatic potential of small posterior uveal melanomas.

Gustav Stålhammar, Helen Kalirai, Sarah E Coupland, Salvatore Grisanti, Svenja Rebecca Sonntag, Ayseguel Tura, Antonio Eleuteri, Rumana N Hussain, Heinrich Heimann, Hannah Coudé Adam

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Acta ophthalmologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Gustav StålhammarDivision of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-8911
Helen KaliraiLiverpool Ocular Oncology Research Group, Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Sarah E CouplandLiverpool Ocular Oncology Research Group, Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Salvatore GrisantiDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany.
Svenja Rebecca SonntagDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany.
Ayseguel TuraDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany.
Antonio EleuteriResearch and Innovation Department, NHS University Hospitals of Liverpool Group, Liverpool, UK.
Rumana N HussainLiverpool Ocular Oncology Research Group, Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Heinrich HeimannLiverpool Ocular Oncology Research Group, Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Hannah Coudé AdamDivision of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Funding

Cancerfonden 23 2613 FkRegion Stockholm RS-2019-1138
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate the prevalence of aggressive traits in small posterior uveal melanomas (UM).

methodsThis retrospective, multicentre cohort study included 804 patients with small posterior UM (≤9 mm in largest basal diameter, ≤3 mm in thickness) from centres in the UK, Germany, and Sweden. Chromosomal aberrations, cytomorphology, nuclear BAP1 expression and circulating tumour cells (CTC) were analysed.

resultsMarkers of poor prognosis, including monosomy 3, 8q gain, loss of BAP1 expression, and the presence of CTC, were detected in tumours as small as 3-4 mm in diameter and 1-1.5 mm in thickness. In the cytogenetically analysed subset, monosomy 3 was observed in 23% (41/175), 8q gain in 32% (23/72) and 6q aberrations in 13% (9/71); loss of nuclear BAP1 was seen in 22% (19/88); and CTC were detected in 50% (22/44). There was a strong association between tumour size and the number of clinical risk factors for lesion growth, such as subretinal fluid, orange pigment and acoustic hollowness on ultrasound, whereas these clinical features did not correlate with markers for poor prognosis. Monosomy of chromosome 3, gain of 8q, loss of 1p, gain or loss of 6q, gain or loss of 8p, loss of BAP1 expression, and cytomorphology were associated with worse survival.

conclusionAggressive traits are common in small UM, including those <10 mm

Indexed as

MelanomaUveal NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkers, TumorChromosome AberrationsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplastic Cells, CirculatingPrognosisRetrospective StudiesTumor Suppressor ProteinsUbiquitin ThiolesteraseBAP1 protein, humanBiomarkers, TumorTumor Suppressor ProteinsUbiquitin Thiolesterasechoroidal melanomametastasesmonosomy 3prognosissizeuveal melanoma

Identifiers

PMID40838555
PMCPMC12888941

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