ReviewCureus2025
Radiation Exposure, Knowledge, and Compliance in Upper Tract Urological Surgery: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of ionizing radiation in urology has grown significantly, increasing occupational risks to urologists. Despite established safety guidelines and protective equipment, adherence remains inconsistent due to limited education and systemic barriers. This review evaluates current practices in upper tract urological surgeries, identifies factors contributing to poor compliance, and explores strategies to enhance radiation safety in urology. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline, 209 articles were screened, with 22 final studies meeting inclusion criteria. Two independent reviewers screened manuscripts to determine study eligibility, and a Cochrane Risk of Bias was performed. The findings revealed that trunk personal protective equipment (PPE) had the highest compliance, while eye and hand protection were the least used. An educational intervention led to a 99.9% increase in PPE compliance. Knowledge gaps were prevalent, with 63-64% of respondents reporting no formal training. Higher knowledge correlated with improved safety practices. PPE use significantly reduced radiation exposure: eyes (90%), hands (50%), thyroid (95%), and trunk (95%). Protocol modifications such as pulsed fluoroscopy and additional shielding were consistently associated with reduced exposure. These findings underscore the critical role of PPE and education in curtailing radiation exposure among urologists and surgical staff in upper tract urological surgery. Emphasizing proper training is paramount to instilling adherence to PPE protocols and implementing procedural techniques aimed at minimizing radiation exposure. The objective of this systematic review was to comprehensively assess existing literature, focusing on the efficacy of PPE, radiation safety protocols, educational initiatives, and procedural adaptations aimed at reducing radiation exposure among urological practitioners.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.