Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40837754›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of gastrointestinal oncology2025

Risk prediction of acute variceal bleeding in hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing systemic therapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Xu Zhang, Li-Meng Song, Yu-Piao Zheng, Bao-Xin Qian, Jing Liang, Feng-Mei Wang

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in World journal of gastrointestinal oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xu ZhangDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Central Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300170, China.
Li-Meng SongThe Third Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300170, China.
Yu-Piao ZhengTianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Organ Transplantation, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300380, China.
Bao-Xin QianDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin 300170, China.
Jing LiangDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin 300170, China.
Feng-Mei WangDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Central Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300170, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAcute variceal bleeding (AVB) represents a life-threatening complication in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing systemic therapy, mainly including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antivascular drugs used alone or in combination. The pathogenesis of AVB in this population may involve tumor-related factors, treatment-induced effects, or progression of underlying portal hypertension. Identifying high-risk factors for AVB is crucial for the management of this patient population.

aimTo develop and validate a risk prediction model for AVB occurrence in cirrhotic HCC patients receiving ICI-based systemic therapy.

methodsThis retrospective study analyzed 286 HCC patients (2021-2022) receiving ICIs (mono-/combination therapy), randomly split into training (

resultsThe bleeding group had significantly higher proportions of patients with platelet count ≥ 100 × 10

conclusionA history of pre-ICI bleeding significantly increases recurrent bleeding risk, necessitating close monitoring. The FIB-4 fibrosis model, combined with tumor features, can also serve as a predictive factor for bleeding.

Indexed as

Acute variceal bleedingHepatocellular carcinomaImmune checkpoint inhibitorsRisk factorsTyrosine kinase inhibitorsVariceal bleeding history

Identifiers

PMID40837754
PMCPMC12362552

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