ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025
Dietary risk factors and cancer mortality burden from 1990 to 2021: a comparative study of China and global regions with varying sociodemographic development levels based on the Global Burden of Disease database.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze temporal trends of diet-attributable cancer mortality in China (1990-2021), compare patterns between China and regions with varying development levels, and explore gender-specific characteristics to inform targeted prevention strategies. Study design: Cross-sectional and time-series analyses. Methods: We conducted cross-sectional and time-series analyses of nine dietary risk factors across China, the global region, and five Socio-demographic Index (SDI) - stratified regions. Joinpoint regression models quantified temporal trends through Annual Percent Change (APC) and Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC). Results: Diet-attributable cancer deaths in China decreased from 9.9% (95% CI: 2.2-20.5%) to 6.3% (95% CI: 2.1-12.8%) during 1990-2021. China's 2021 attribution (6.3%) was below the global average (6.8%), exceeding high-SDI regions (5.8%) but below middle-SDI regions (7.4%). Low vegetable intake showed the largest decline (3.0 to 0.3%), while high red meat consumption increased (1.6 to 2.0%). Red meat's impact was greater in females, while inadequate plant consumption affected males more significantly. Dietary factors most influenced colorectal cancer in China (39.2%). China's diet-attributable cancer mortality decreased by 53.0% (from 18.4 to 8.7 per 100,000), exceeding global reductions (35.5%). Conclusion: This study identified distinct regional patterns in diet-attributable cancer mortality. China's profile reflects its transition between development levels-decreasing vegetable-deficiency risks while increasing red meat consumption. Globally, attribution patterns are shifting from plant food inadequacy toward animal product excess, with persistent gender disparities.
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