Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40837317›Full record

ArticleSurgical neurology international2025

Clinical characteristics of infantile traumatic brain injury with a biphasic clinical course and late reduced diffusion among pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury.

Akiko Kawano, Yoshio Sakurai, Kuniya Ishii, Hiroya Yokohari, Michiaki Nagura, Yuta Uchida, Wataru Sakamoto, Shingo Kobayashi, Makoto Murase, Soichi Oya and 1 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Surgical neurology international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Akiko KawanoDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.
Yoshio SakuraiDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.
Kuniya IshiiDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.
Hiroya YokohariDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.
Michiaki NaguraDepartment of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.
Yuta UchidaDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.
Wataru SakamotoDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.
Shingo KobayashiDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.
Makoto MuraseDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.
Soichi OyaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.
Kohei OsadaDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Infantile traumatic brain injury with a biphasic clinical course and late reduced diffusion (TBIRD) is a condition resembling acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion, marked by a bright tree appearance and potential sequelae. Although seizures are common in pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI), distinguishing TBIRD from other seizure etiologies is crucial. This study compared the clinical characteristics of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), including those with and without seizures, identified TBIRD cases, and examined their distinguishing features. Methods: Data from pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to our pediatric intensive care unit between March 2016 and July 2023 were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: seizure and non-seizure. Clinical features were compared, and TBIRD cases were identified within the seizure group for analysis. Results: Among the 104 patients, 28 experienced seizures, while 76 did not. The seizure group was significantly younger and had a higher prevalence of subdural hematomas (SDHs), which were strongly associated with seizures (dds ratio OR = 6.73, 95%: 1.99-22.8, Conclusion: This study suggests that seizures, a hallmark of TBIRD, are strongly associated with subdural hematoma (SDH). All TBIRD cases involved SDH and status epilepticus, whereas none of the TBIRD cases occurred without SDH. TBI patients with SDH and status epilepticus require careful management because of the risk of developing TBIRD.

Indexed as

Acute encephalopathyBright-tree appearancePediatricsSubdural hematomaTraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID40837317
PMCPMC12361708

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