Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40837132›Full record

ArticleOrthopaedic journal of sports medicine2025

Factors That Influence Female Orthopaedic Surgeons' Decision to Pursue a Career in Sports Medicine: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Nichelle M Enata, Katherine M Gerull, Ahmed Hanafy, Mary K Mulcahey, Derrick M Knapik, Matthew V Smith

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Nichelle M EnataDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4078-6610
Katherine M GerullDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Ahmed HanafySchool of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Mary K MulcaheyDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA.
Derrick M KnapikDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Matthew V SmithDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Despite the increased percentage of women in medical school and in orthopaedic residency programs, the percentage of women pursuing careers in sports medicine has only increased 3% over the past decade. Purpose: To investigate the experiences and perceptions of female orthopaedic surgeons about sports medicine, identifying factors influencing career interest in this surgical subspecialty. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A mixed-methods approach, combining an online survey and qualitative interviews, was utilized to compare the clinical experiences and personal perceptions of women in orthopaedic sports medicine with women in other orthopaedic subspecialties. Surveys were distributed to members of the Ruth Jackson Orthopaedic Society and the Women in Orthopaedics online forum. Descriptive statistics from the survey were compiled, with chi-square and 2-sample Results: Of the 162 online survey respondents, there were no significant differences between sports- and non-sports trained respondents regarding years in practice ( Conclusion: This study provides an analysis of women's exposure to sports medicine, revealing perceived sex discrimination from multiple sources during their clinical training. Such discrimination, however, does not directly affect their decision to pursue a career in sports medicine and is comparable with women across orthopaedics in general. Factors influencing women's career decision making in sports medicine include the scope of practice and cultural considerations. These data may serve as the foundation to increase women's representation within sports medicine. Future research comparing the perception of bias and discrimination rates among men within sports medicine and comparison studies with other orthopaedic specialties are necessary to provide additional context to the current trends within women throughout orthopaedics.

Indexed as

career developmenteducationfemale athletesex equitywomen

Identifiers

PMID40837132
PMCPMC12361837

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.