ArticleSmall science2025
Impact of Droplet Splashing on Biological and Medical Materials Relevant to Clinical Settings.
Article in Small science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite numerous studies of droplet impact onto substrates, the splashing dynamics of droplets on biological material surfaces and its implications for infection transmission have rarely been studied. It is hypothesized that the splashing mechanism is influenced by the droplet size, the impact velocity, and the substrate wettability and morphology. The transmission of contamination from initial droplets or liquid films to biofilms upon impact is experimentally investigated. Splashing mechanisms involving biological droplets (e.g., water, urine, blood, and saliva) on a range of biological substrates (e.g., bone, meat, eye, skin, hair, nail, and tooth) and medical surfaces across a range of droplet velocities are comparatively analyzed. The study demonstrates that contaminants located in either an initial droplet or a liquid biofilm can be transmitted by splashing when the droplet impacts onto the biofilm. The Weber number, a descriptor of secondary droplet splashing, expressed as a function of the surface roughness (
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Registered trials
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